水危機Water Crisis
乾淨用水及基礎衛生設施才是解決危機之道Clean water and basic sanitation can save millions
透過回答下列問題，試著想像一個不一樣的生活：
1.你家每天需要用多少水？
2.你一次可以提多少水? 能提多遠？（1公升水重1公斤）
3. 你能否從公共供水處提20公升水回家？（步行需30分鐘）
4. 為了取水，你得放棄那些日常活動？
數以百萬計家庭的實際狀況，比你剛才所能想像的還要嚴峻。公共供水處所在的距離可能超過30分鐘，抑或是需要翻山越嶺；也可能根本沒有任何水井，因此必須到處找水。再者，你用的水還可能不安全，繼而導致疾病或死亡。
缺乏乾淨用水使貧困的問題持續久存。人們純粹花在取水或罹患可預防疾病上的時間，便足以導致教育暨經濟發展受阻。孩童不能上學，父母也無法賺到多少錢。這一切再加上缺乏衛生設施，問題就更嚴重了。
Imaging a different life for yourself by answering the following questions:
How much water does your family need each day?
How much water could you carry at one time? How far? (one liter weighs one kilogram.)
Could you carry 20 liters from a public water tap to your home? (a 30-minute walk)
How much time could you to spend collecting water? ( Every 20 liters requires a 1-hour round trip)
What daily activities would you have to give up to fetch water?
Reality for millions of families even harsher than the one you probably just imagined. The water tap might be farther away than 30 minutes or across mountains terrain. There might be any well at all, so you have to scavenge. Additionally, the water you use might be unsafe and cause illness or death. Lacking access to clean water perpetuates poverty. The sheer amount of time that people spend fetching water or falling ill to preventable disease deters education and the economy. Children can’t go to school, and parents can’t earn as much income. Couple that with lake of sanitation and the problem intensifies.
sanitation衛生設施
The lack of good sanitation in this city is why people here get sick all the time.
sanitize （v.）給…消毒
All of the surfaces in the room need to be sanitized before the next patient enters.
sanitary （adj.）衛生的；清潔的
Paul and Hudson left the restaurant without eating because the conditions there were not very sanitary.
round trip 往返路程
Round trip to Chicago to Seattle is 6640 kilometers by car.
round-trip複合形容詞
A round-trip airline ticket from Tokyo to Hong Kong ranges from US$400 to US$700 depending on which airline you take.
In my parent’s day, many kids walked at least six kilometers round-trip to school and back. 在我父母時代，很多孩子上學至少要走6公里。
Put yourself in somebody else’s shoes
Try to understand life from their perspective
Switch a rooney
Think about their views and their life experiences and what that means to you. To walk a mile in somebody else’s shoes or walk mile in someone’s shoes
Liter is a word from metric system.
metric system （i.e. liter）vs. imperial system
to fetch
to get it and bring it back
make one’s mouth water
The smell of bacon cooking is making his mouth water.
Talking about food makes my mouth water.
Looking at pictures in cookbooks makes my mouth water.
sheer 完全的；純粹的
The sheer weight of the box meant I couldn’t lift it.這個盒子真的很重，我搬不起來
sheer極薄的；透明的
Penny decided she wanted to hang sheer curtains in her living room. 在客廳掛透明窗廉。
Suzie felt dizzy as she stood at the bottom of sheer cliff and looked up. 站在陡峭的山崖往下看
deter 阻止；制止
Lily’s rejection of Leo’s declaration of love 表白did not deter him from trying to date her.
To deter thieves, park your car under a streetlight and have a good alarm system.
Don’t let any obstacles deter you from going to college. 阻止你上大學
harsh
idea of difficulty
it’s the idea of being really sever, perhaps even cruel.
If somebody is harsh, we might say they are cruel. It very unpleasant.
Winters in Canada are harsher than winters in California.
mountainous（adj.） vs. hilly （adj.）
scavenge 在…中搜尋有用之物；清除汙物或垃圾；撿拾 清道夫
Go to look in areas where there’s a lot of waste to see if there’s something useful. So basically it could be even going to a garbage dump to see if there’s something that they could use from there.
A mouse scavenge to look for food
to perpetuate 使永久存在；使不朽
poverty keep going
vitamin drink
boost
water under a bridge已成往事；不可改變的既成事實；事過境遷；物換星移
something that happened in the past that can’t be changed but is no longer worrying or concerning.
Tom and Hank didn’t like each other in high school, but that’s water under a bridge. Now they are good friends.
like water off a duck’s back毫無影響；不起作用
to have no effect on someone
Morty never takes critisizm personally. He accepts it, and it doesn’t feel hurt by it. It’s like water off a duck’s back.
